In this regard, the vacuum coating machine manufacturer pointed out that its operating principle is actually very simple. It is to use the orthogonal magnetic field under the vacuum state to make electrons bombard argon gas to form argon ions, which then bombard the target material, and the target material ions are deposited on the surface of the workpiece to form a film. In this way, the car light coating machine manufacturer should consider the three aspects related to the uniformity of the film thickness: vacuum state, magnetic field, and argon gas. The vacuum state needs to be controlled by the exhaust system. Each exhaust port must be started at the same time and with the same force, so that the uniformity of the exhaust can be controlled.
If the exhaust is uneven, the pressure in the vacuum chamber will not be uniform, and the pressure has a certain impact on the movement of ions. In addition, the exhaust time must also be controlled. If it is too short, the vacuum degree will be insufficient, but if it is too long, it will waste resources. However, with the existence of a vacuum machine, it is not a problem to control it well.
First,Environmental requirements for vacuum coating.
Substrate surface cleanliness is crucial for vacuum coating processes. Before entering the coating chamber, substrates must undergo a thorough pre-coating cleaning process to remove oil, dirt, and moisture.
Substrate surface contamination comes from various substances such as dust, lubricants, engine oil, polishing paste, grease, and sweat that adhere to parts during processing, transportation, and packaging; oxide films formed on part surfaces in humid air; and gases absorbed and adsorbed by the part surfaces. Vacuum coating manufacturers can generally remove these contaminants using degreasing or chemical cleaning methods.
Clean surfaces that have been cleaned should not be stored in the open air and should be stored in sealed containers or clean cabinets to minimize dust contamination. Storing glass substrates in freshly anodized aluminum containers can minimize the adsorption of hydrocarbon vapors, as these containers preferentially adsorb hydrocarbons. Highly unstable surfaces that are sensitive to water vapor should generally be stored in a vacuum drying oven.
Removing dust from the coating chamber, maintaining a clean workspace, and maintaining a high degree of cleanliness are fundamental environmental requirements for the coating process. In areas with high humidity, in addition to carefully cleaning the substrate and all components within the vacuum chamber before coating, baking and degassing are also necessary. To prevent oil from entering the vacuum chamber, pay attention to oil backflow from the oil diffusion pump, and implement oil-blocking measures for high-heating diffusion pumps.
Second,Basic principles of coating and film coating
A. Raw Materials and Basic Principles:
The raw materials are resins, polymers, Teflon, silicone, acrylic acid, silicates, etc., with varying auxiliary materials, formulations, and measurements. For example, the amount of emulsifier added varies, resulting in different emulsified states, ranging from water-like to milky and creamy. These substances partially permeate or form a thin film after emulsification and demulsification.
B. Their Characteristics and Differences:
Coating: Offers excellent penetration (depending on the particle size of the raw material) and superior surface smoothness. It is particularly suitable for European and American car finishes with high porosity, roughness, heavy painting, or inherently hard paint surfaces that require increased gloss.
Film coating: Film coating products contain film-forming additives and curing agents. Vacuum coating manufacturers create a film-forming film instantly, which alters its properties accordingly. For example, its hardness is higher than that of glaze, making it more suitable for paint surfaces requiring enhanced hardness (such as Japanese and Korean car finishes).
Special Note: When it comes to filtering and reflecting UV rays, quartz coatings are superior to coatings. Because they don't require the addition of film-forming agents or curing agents, their purer quartz glass molecular coating layer and fusion layer provide enhanced dual UV filtering and reflection capabilities. However, it's worth noting that inferior coatings using environmentally unfriendly film-forming agents can even cause secondary chemical damage to the paint surface.
The main functions of the protective layer are:
① Prevents oxidation and fading of the original paint: Blocks UV rays, minimizing damage from UV penetration.
② Increases paint gloss: Crystal-clear glass molecules create a dazzling luster.
③ Improves paint hardness: Enhances wear and scratch resistance.
④ Protects against chemical damage, extending the life of the paint: Damage to the paint caused by alkaline car washes, acid rain, salt spray, insect liquids, and extreme temperatures.
⑤ Improves the smoothness of the car's surface: Provides a silky smooth feel, reduces static electricity, dust adhesion, and drag coefficient, making daily maintenance easier.
Vacuum coating machines often encounter various problems during use. Therefore, how to deal with and resolve them has become a major concern for industry practitioners.
